The information in this article is up to date for tax year 2024 (returns filed in 2025).
Taxes often get a bad rap, with many people thinking of them as a complicated, unavoidable chore. But the truth is, not everyone needs to file! If you’re wondering, “Do I have to file taxes?”, the answer depends on several factors such as your age, filing status, and income. Even if you think you don’t need to file, or don’t owe any taxes, it’s still worth taking the time to file a tax return because you may be entitled to a tax refund.
What is the minimum income to file taxes?
Most U.S. citizens and residents need to file a return based on their age, income, and filing status. Here’s a breakdown of the key filing requirements for each filing status.
Minimum income to file taxes by status and age
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Single
- Under 65: $14,600
- 65 or older: $16,550
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Married Filing Jointly
- Both spouses under 65: $29,200
- One spouse 65 or older: $30,750
- Both spouses 65 or older: $32,300
-
Married Filing Separately
- Any age: $5
-
Head of Household
- Under 65: $21,900
- 65 or older: $23,850
-
Qualifying Surviving Spouse
- Under 65: $29,200
- 65 or older: $30,750
If your income is below these thresholds, you generally don’t need to file a return, but there are exceptions, which we’ll cover later.
How much can a dependent make before having to file taxes?
If someone provides more than half of your financial support, they can claim you as a dependent. Dependents have their own tax filing requirements based on age, income, and whether they’re blind. Even if you don’t make enough to file taxes on your own, being claimed as a dependent could still mean you need to file a tax return. Here’s a breakdown of the minimum income requiring a dependent to file taxes.
For single dependents:
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Under 65:
- Unearned income: Over $1,300
- Earned income: Over $14,600
- Gross income: The greater of $1,300 or earned income (up to $14,150) plus $450.
-
65 or Older:
- Unearned income: Over $3,250
- Earned income: Over $16,550
- Gross income: The greater of $3,250 or earned income (up to $14,150) plus $2,400.
-
65 or Older and Blind:
- Unearned income: Over $5,200
- Earned income: Over $18,500
- Gross income: The greater of $5,200 or earned income (up to $14,150) plus $4,350.
For married dependents:
-
Under 65:
- Unearned income: Over $1,300
- Earned income: Over $14,600
- Gross income: The greater of $1,300 or earned income (up to $14,150) plus $450.
-
65 or Older:
- Unearned income: Over $2,850
- Earned income: Over $16,150
- Gross income: The greater of $2,850 or earned income (up to $14,150) plus $2,000.
-
65 or Older and Blind:
- Unearned income: Over $4,400
- Earned income: Over $17,700
- Gross income: The greater of $4,400 or earned income (up to $14,150) plus $3,550.
You must also file a tax return if your gross income is at least $5, your spouse files separately and chooses to itemize their deductions.
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Other situations where you must file a tax return
Even if your income is below the minimum income to file taxes, there are other reasons why you may still need to file a return. Here are some situations where filing is required:
- You received distributions from a Health Savings Account (HSA), Medicare Advantage MSA, or Archer Medical Savings Account.
- Advance payments of the premium tax credit were made for you, your spouse, or a dependent enrolled in a Health Insurance Marketplace plan.
- You owe taxes on:
- Alternative minimum tax (AMT)
- Taxes on IRA distributions or other tax-favored accounts
- Social Security or Medicare taxes on unreported tips
- Taxes on household employees or recapture taxes
- You earned $108.28 or more from a church or qualified church organization.
If any of these apply to you, you’ll need to file a return, even if your earnings are below the minimum income to file taxes for your status.
Special filing requirement for self-employed individuals
If you are self-employed, the minimum income to file taxes is much lower. Self-employed individuals must file a tax return if their net earnings from self-employment are at least $400. This includes freelancers, independent contractors, and anyone else who works for themselves.
Should you file a tax return if you are not required?
Even if you aren’t required to file a return, there are still good reasons to do so:
- Tax Refunds: If taxes were withheld from your paycheck, you may be eligible for a refund.
- Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC): If you qualify for this credit, filing could result in a refund.
- Additional Child Tax Credit (ACTC): Filing could allow you to claim this credit, which could put money back in your pocket.
- Other Tax Credits: You may qualify for credits like the American Opportunity Tax Credit (for education expenses) or the Premium Tax Credit (for health insurance).
- Estimated Tax Payments: If you made estimated tax payments or had last year’s refund applied to this year, filing ensures you get back any overpayment.
Let us make filing your taxes easy for you
Understanding the minimum income to file taxes is a helpful guideline, but there are other factors—such as receiving tax credits or being self-employed—that can require you to file a tax return. If you’re unsure how to get started, ezTaxReturn is here to help. Just create an account and we’ll guide you every step of the way for a hassle-free tax filing experience.
The articles and content published on this blog are provided for informational purposes only. The information presented is not intended to be, and should not be taken as, legal, financial, or professional advice. Readers are advised to seek appropriate professional guidance and conduct their own due diligence before making any decisions based on the information provided.
